Linking words (conectores) are the difference between speaking in isolated sentences and actually connecting ideas — contrasting them, explaining causes, drawing conclusions. Learn a connector once and you can use it in countless sentences, which makes them one of the fastest upgrades your Spanish can get.
Don’t memorize the list — learn them by function. When you speak, you already know whether you’re adding, contrasting, or giving a cause; you just need one reliable connector per job. Start with one from each group below, then add variety.
1. Adding an idea
Además and asimismo both add another idea. Además is the common, everyday choice (“also / besides”); asimismo does much the same job but sounds more formal (“also / likewise”).
2. Contrasting
Sin embargo and no obstante pivot against what you just said (“however / nevertheless”); en cambio compares two things; and a pesar de concedes an obstacle:
3. Giving a cause
All three mean roughly “because of / since” — but what follows them is different. Debido a takes a noun; dado que and ya que introduce a full clause:
4. Drawing a consequence
To show a result, use por lo tanto (“therefore”) or como resultado (“as a result”):
5. Clarifying and illustrating
Por ejemplo gives an example, es decir restates or clarifies an idea, and de hecho adds a fact that strengthens or confirms it:
6. Focusing on a topic
En cuanto a introduces a topic (“as for…”), while sobre todo highlights what matters most (“especially”):
7. Opinions and wrapping up
Desde mi punto de vista introduces an opinion; en resumen and en conclusión wrap up an argument:
Connectors that introduce or link complete thoughts are usually set off with punctuation. At the start of a sentence, use a comma after the connector: En resumen, fue un éxito. Between two complete statements, you can use a semicolon before it and a comma after: Estudié mucho; sin embargo, suspendí.
8. Time connectors
Time connectors (conectores temporales) link events in time — showing what happens before, after, at the same time, or repeatedly. The main job is choosing the connector that matches the relationship between the two events.
Ordering Events
Use these connectors to put events in order: antes de que (before), después de que (after), una vez que (once), hasta que (until), and en cuanto / tan pronto como (as soon as).
Overlap & Repetition
These describe things that happen at the same time or repeatedly: mientras (while), cuando (when), cada vez que (every time), siempre que (whenever), and desde que (ever since).
Same Subject
When both actions have the same subject, Spanish often uses an infinitive instead of a full que clause. Al + infinitive means “upon doing,” and después de + infinitive means “after doing”:
Which Mood?
Some time connectors can take either the indicative or subjunctive. If the event already happened or happens routinely, use the indicative. If it is still ahead, use the subjunctive.
Antes de que is the exception: it always takes the subjunctive.
This section is about choosing the connector. The mood choice gets its own treatment in the Subjunctive vs Indicative guide (section 4, the cuando family), and The Cuando Family deck drills it.