Ya, ya no, todavía, and todavía no map onto English’s already, no longer, still, and not yet — four words that all describe the same thing: whether a situation has changed.
Ya marks that the change happened (already / no longer). Todavía marks that it hasn’t — the old situation persists (still / not yet).
So the real question isn’t “ya or todavía?” It’s “has something changed yet?” If it has, think ya. If it hasn't changed yet, think todavía. Then affirmative or negative gives you the exact form.
1. The change happened: YA / YA NO
Ya + affirmative = “already” (the awaited thing is done). Ya no = “no longer” (something that used to happen, stopped):
2. No change yet: TODAVÍA / TODAVÍA NO
Todavía + affirmative = “still” (the old situation continues). Todavía no = “not yet” (the awaited thing hasn’t happened):
Aún (with an accent) is an exact synonym of todavía: aún no llega = todavía no llega. Without the accent, aun means “even” — a different word entirely.
3. The side-by-side test
Each pair describes the same activity — the word choice tells you whether things changed:
Picture a light switch. Ya = the switch flipped (already on, or ya no — already off). Todavía = nobody has touched it (still on, or todavía no — still waiting to turn on).
- already → ya
- anymore → ya no
- still → todavía
- yet → todavía no